Contents
Paleonotological Journal
Vol. 39, Suppl. 3, 2005
The supplement is published only in English by MAIK “Nauka / Interperiodica” (Russia).
Paleontological Journal ISSN 0031-0301.
INTRODUCTION p. 135 abstract
CHAPTER 1. THE HISTORY OF THE STUDY AND CLASSIFICATION OF RADIOLARIA
(M.S. Afanasieva and E.O. Amon) p. 136
THE RISE OF THE CLASSIFICATION BASES OF RADIOLARIA
IN THE 19th CENTURY (1806–1887) p. 136
ESTABLISHMENT OF CLASSIFICATION SCHEMES OF RADIOLARIA
IN THE MIDDLE OF THE 20th CENTURY (1953–1979) p. 138
DEVELOPMENT OF NEW TRENDS IN THE CLASSIFICATION OF RADIOLARIA
AT THE BOUNDARY OF THE 20th AND 21st CENTURIES (1980–RECENT) p. 139
CHAPTER 2. MORPHOLOGY OF RADIOLARIA (M.S. Afanasieva) p. 141
CYTOPLASMIC STRUCTURES AND POSITION OF THE SKELETON IN THE CELL p. 141
Central Capsule p. 141
Endoplasm p. 141
Types of Cell Construction and Their Relationships with the Primary Radiolarian Skeleton p. 141
Radiolarian Skeleton p. 143
APPEARANCE OF SILICEOUS SKELETONS OF RADIOLARIA p. 144
BIOMINERALIZATION OF THE SKELETON p. 144
Structural Levels of Skeleton Organization p. 147
A Model of the Biomineralization of the Radiolarian Skeleton p. 150
SECONDARY TRANSFORMATION OF RADIOLARIAN SKELETONS p. 153
Methods p. 153
Model of Fossilization of Radiolarian Skeletons p. 155
Pyritization of Skeletons p. 159
GROWTH OF RADIOLARIAN SKELETONS p. 161
Ontogenetic Stages of Radiolaria p. 161
Development of the Skeleton p. 163
SKELETAL MORPHOLOGY p. 165
Symmetry and Shape of Skeletons p. 167
Internal Framework p. 171
Primary Inner Sphere p. 177
Skeletal Shells p. 179
Aperture and Pylome p. 187
Spines p. 191
Sculptural Elements p. 193
Development of Radiolarian Spines p. 193
Radiolarian Spines and Spicules of Sponges p. 197
PROBLEMS IN DIAGNOSING THE TAXA p. 197
SIGNIFICANCE OF MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERS OF RADIOLARIANS
FOR THEIR CLASSIFICATION p. 199
CHAPTER 3. CLASSIFICATION OF RADIOLARIA (M.S. Afanasieva and E.O. Amon) p. 205
SPINY RADIOLARIANS p. 219
Morphology p. 219
Development and Spatial Orientation of the Skeleton during the Organism’s Life p. 227
Major Features of Evolution p. 233
SPONGY SPHERICAL RADIOLARIA p. 235
POROUS SPHERICAL RADIOLARIA p. 239
STAURAXONIC RADIOLARIA p. 241
Morphology p. 241
Major Evolutionary Trends p. 243
NASSELLARIA p. 245
Morphology of Paleozoic Nassellarians p. 247
Evolution of the Order Pylomariata p. 251
Morphology of Mesozoic and Cenozoic Nassellarians p. 259
COLLODARIA p. 264
SYSTEMATIC PALEONTOLOGY p. 267
Phylum Radiolaria Müller, 1858 p. 267
Superclass Phaeodaria Haeckel, 1879 p. 267
Superclass Polycystina Ehrenberg, 1838 p. 268
Class Aculearia Afanasieva 1999, emend. Afanasieva et Amon, 2003 p. 268
Order Fasciculata Afanasieva et Amon, 2003 p. 268
Order Triangulata Afanasieva et Amon, 2003 p. 269
Order Albaillellata Deflandre, 1953, emend. Afanasieva et Amon, 2003 p. 270
Class Sphaerellaria Haeckel, 1881, emend. Afanasieva et Amon, nov. p. 270
Order Inaniguttata Nazarov et Ormiston, 1984 p. 270
Order Entactiniata Riedel, 1967 p. 271
Order Anakrusata Nazarov, 1977 p. 272
Order Hexalonchata Haeckel, 1881 p. 272
Order Sphaerellata Haeckel, 1887 p. 273
Order Actinommata Haeckel, 1862 p. 274
Class Spumellaria Ehrenberg, 1875, emend. Afanasieva et Amon, nov. p. 275
Order Echidninata Kozur, Mostler et Repetski, 1996 p. 275
Order Cancelliata Afanasieva et Amon, 2003 p. 275
Order Spongiata Afanasieva et Amon, 2003 p. 277
Order Capsulata Afanasieva et Amon, ordo nov. p. 278
Order Prodigiata Afanasieva et Amon, ordo nov. p. 278
Order Saturnalata Afanasieva et Amon, ordo nov. p. 279
Class Stauraxonaria Afanasieva et Amon, classis nov. p. 280
Order Palaeodiscata Afanasieva et Amon, ordo nov. p. 280
Order Oviformata Afanasieva et Amon, ordo nov. p. 280
Order Radiiformata Afanasieva et Amon, ordo nov. p. 281
Order Pyramidata Afanasieva et Amon, ordo nov. p. 282
Order Lobatiradiata Afanasieva et Amon, ordo nov. p. 283
Order Pyloniata Haeckel, 1881, emend. Dumitrica, 1989 p. 284
Order Spongurata Haeckel, 1862 p. 287
Order Spongodiscata Haeckel, 1862 p. 288
Class Nassellaria Ehrenberg, 1847, emend. Afanasieva et Amon, nov. p. 288
Order Pylomariata Afanasieva, 1999 p. 289
Order Cyrtidinata Haeckel, 1862 p. 291
Order Spyridinata Ehrenberg, 1847 p. 304
Class Collodaria Haeckel, 1881 p. 306
CHAPTER 4. STAGES IN THE EVOLUTION OF POLYCYSTINE RADIOLARIANS
IN THE PHANEROZOIC (M.S. Afanasieva, Yu.V. Agarkov, and E.O. Amon) p. 306
PHASE I. EARLY PALEOZOIC p. 310
Stage 1. Cambrian–Silurian p. 310
PHASE II. LATE PALEOZOIC p. 312
Stage 2. Devonian–Early Carboniferous p. 312
Stage 3. Middle Carboniferous–Permian p. 314
PHASE III. MESOZOIC p. 314
Stage 4. Triassic p. 315
Stage 5. Jurassic p. 315
Stage 6. Cretaceous p. 316
PHASE IV. CENOZOIC p. 317
Stage 7. Paleocene–Eocene p. 317
Stage 8. Oligocene–Pliocene p. 317
Stage 9. Quaternary p. 318
MASS EXTINCTIONS p. 318
CHAPTER 5. ECOLOGY AND TAPHONOMY OF RADIOLARIANS
(D.S. Boltovskoy, M.S. Afanasieva, and E.O. Amon) p. 319
ECOLOGY OF RADIOLARIANS p. 320
Biotic Factors p. 320
Abiotic Factors p. 323
TAPHONOMY OF RADIOLARIANS p. 336
Transportation of Radiolarians into the Bottom Sediment p. 336
Radiolarian Thanatocenoses and Taphocenoses p. 338
Radiolarian Oryctocenoses p. 339
CHAPTER 6. INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN RADIOLARIAN STUDIES (Yu.V. Agarkov) p. 340
A REVIEW OF EXISTING DATABASES AND INFORMATION SYSTEMS
ON RADIOLARIANS p. 341
INFORMATION SYSTEM RADBASE p. 341
APPENDIX. ALPHABETICAL INDEX OF RADIOLARIAN GENERA,
THEIR DISTRIBUTION AND SYNONYMS FROM THE DATABASE RADBASE (Yu.V. Agarkov)
p. 345
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS p. 361
REFERENCES p. 361
ALPHABETICAL INDEX OF LATIN NAMES p. 376
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