Approach for Remote Monitoring of Destructive Processes Using Low-Amplitude Seismic Signals during Service of Large Industrial Facilities

Abstract— For remote monitoring of destructive processes during service of large industrial facilities, we have developed a low-cost approach for their reliable detection. It is based on low-amplitude seismic signal monitoring data. The source material comprises data from long-term real-time monitoring by highly sensitive instruments of seismic stations in the vicinity (up to 30 km) of the study object. In the technogenic component of seismic noise, low-amplitude signals are recorded as responses from mechanical oscillations (oscillation of operating equipment, natural oscillations of buildings and technical structures) of various objects. Such oscillations are characterized by certain frequencies and duration, making it possible isolate signals of some sources contained in seismic noise from others and increase the signal-to-noise ratio. The long-term monitoring results are used for retrospective data analysis and, on its basis, to determine anomalous changes in the frequencies and amplitudes of low-amplitude signals associated with destructive processes at the facility. This accounting increases the reliability of monitoring the stability of structures and operating equipment in real time, which is urgently needed to prevent breakdown and analyze the causes of emergency situations.