Effect of Co, Ga, and Nd Additions on the Photocatalytic
Properties of TiO₂ Nanopowders¹

C. M. Whang*, J. G. Kim*, E. Y. Kim*, Y. H. Kim**, and W. I. Lee**

* School of Materials Science and Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea

** Department of Chemistry, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea

Abstract—In the present study, metal-ion-doped TiO₂ powders were prepared by a sol–gel process using tita-
nium isopropoxide as a Ti precursor and cobalt, gallium, or neodymium as a dopant. For the prepared doped
TiO₂ nanopowders, the photocatalytic behaviors in the decomposition of aqueous 1,4-dichlorobenzene (DCB)
were investigated as a function of doping level and preparation conditions. We found that all of the metal ion
doping improved the photocatalytic activity of TiO₂, though Nd doping was the most effective and Co doping
was least effective. XRD analyses showed that doping with Ga and Nd ions suppresses the anatase-to-rutile
phase transition for TiO₂, whereas doping with Co did not influence the phase transition. The UV–visible
absorption spectra for these metal-ion-doped samples were red-shifted by ~ 20–40 nm depending upon the dop-
ing level.

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