Preparation of KNbO₃ Powders by Sol-Gel Method
Using Water-Soluble Potassium
and Niobium Compounds as Precursors¹

K. Czechowska^a, B. Psiuk^a, R. Wrzalik^b, J. Szade^b, M. Burdyl^a, A. liwa^a, and K. Stec^a

^aInstitute of Ceramics and Building Materials, Refractory Materials Division in Gliwice 44-100 Gliwice,
ul. Toszecka, 99, Poland
e-mail: k.czechowska@icimb.pl

^bAugust Chekowski Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, 40–007 Katowice, Uniwersytecka 4, Poland

Abstract—In the paper the full sol-gel process of KNbO₃ powder preparation, using KOH, Nb₂O₅ and K₂CO₃
as initial substrates as well as oxalic and citric acid as a chelating agent is presented. It was also confirmed that
a mixture of compounds obtained during calcination of KOH and Nb₂O₅, mixed in adequate proportions, could
be source of Nb ions in the sol-gel process. The crystal and electronic structure parameters of the manufactured
powder proper for KNbO₃ compound were established using XRD, XPS and UV-VIS techniques.

DOI: 10.1134/S1087659614010064

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