Biogeography of the Southern Ocean
during the Neogene Derived from Nanoplankton

O. B. Dmitrenko

Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia

Received June 24, 1998; in final form, February 1, 1999

Abstract—In this study, the data on calcareous nanoplankton from the Quaternary sediments of the sites drilled
by D/Vs Glomar Challenger and Joides Resolution in the Southern Ocean were used. More than 20 areals of
different species allowed us to compile a scheme of biogeographic zoning for two time intervals (Early Pleis-
tocene and Late Pleistocene–Holocene). Criteria for identification are elaborated and paleoecological groups,
on the basis of which the Polar (Antarctic), Subpolar (Subantarctic), Moderate (Notal), and Subtropical zones
were established, are presented. Their changes during the Quaternary show a cooling of the climate in individ-
ual regions of the Southern Ocean from the Early to the Late Pleistocene.

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