I. V. Kudryashova1
Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
Received April 5, 2011
Abstract—We review the modern data on the involvement of structural modifications of presynaptic afferents
during the acquisition of individual experiences. During the ontogeny or regeneration of nervous tissue, this
mechanism is responsible for adjusting the architecture of neuronal ensembles to the demands of adaptive
behavior. The molecular basis of the formation and elimination of additional axonal branches is the modifica-
tion of the actin cytoskeleton. These modifications involve cell adhesion molecules, as well as extracellular and
intracellular signal and regulatory proteins, most of which play an important role in long-term plasticity. The
possible involvement of structural modifications of presynaptic afferents in long-term memory consolidation is
discussed.
Key words: long-term plasticity, modification of presynaptic afference, synaptogenesis, synapse elimination,
cytoskeleton regulatory proteins, cell adhesion molecules
DOI: 10.1134/S181971241104009X
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