COVID-19, Influenza, and Other Acute Respiratory Viral Infections: Etiology, Immunopathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Treatment.
Part I. COVID-19 and Influenza
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2354-7688T. N. Ilyichevaa, b, * (), https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7786-2464S. V. Netesova (),
and https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3460-0157V. N. Gureyevb ()
a Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia
b Vector State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology, Koltsovo, 630559 Russia
Correspondence to: *e-mail: ilyichev@mail.ru
Received 29 April, 2021
Abstract—The paper briefly reviews pathogens causing acute respiratory viral infections (ARVIs), including influenza viruses; coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2; parainfluenza viruses, adenoviruses, pneumoviruses, and specifically respiratory syncytial virus and metapneumoviruses, enteroviruses, rhinoviruses, and bocaviruses. This review presents modern data on the structure and replication of viruses, epidemiology, and immunopathogenesis of diseases and on diagnostics, preventive vaccination, and antiviral drugs for the treatment of ARVIs. Special attention is paid to the SARS-CoV-2 virus caused COVID-19 pandemic with analyses of similarities and differences between COVID-19 and other ARVIs, first of all, influenza virus. Topical issues regarding ARVI vaccination and the search for new broad-spectrum antiviral drugs are discussed.
Keywords: COVID-19, influenza, acute respiratory viral infection, respiratory viruses, SARS-CoV-2, viral replication, immunopathogenesis, acute respiratory viral infection prophylaxis
DOI: 10.3103/S0891416822010025