Modulation Instability of Bright Photovoltaic Solitons on a
Partially Incoherent Background¹

M. Zhang^a,*, G. Huo^b, Y. Zhang^c, Y. Kang^d, and Z. Duan^a

^a School of Electronics Engineering, Xi’an University of Post and Telecommunication, Xi’an 710061, China
^b State Key Laboratory of Transient Optics and Photonics, Xi’an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics,
Chinese Academic of Sciences, Xi’an 710119, China
^c Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education,
Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
^d School of Science, Air Force Engineering University, Xi’an 710051, China

*e-mail: Meizhi_zhang@126.com

Received January 30, 2012; published online July 9, 2012

Abstract—We present the observation of incoherent anti-dark photovoltaic solitons in LiNbO₃:Fe crystal. This
new class of soliton states involves bright photovoltaic solitons on a background beam meeting > 1, where
is the ratio of background illumination photovoltaic constant to that of soliton beam. For < 1, dark photovol-
taic solitons are generated. Furthermore, this novel type solitons are investigated experimentally by injecting
coherent light and partially coherent background of infinite extent. In case of spatial coherence of the back-
ground lower than the threshold of incoherent modulation instability, these results indicate that bright photo-
voltaic solitons can propagate in a stable fashion.

DOI: 10.1134/S1054660X12080178

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