Effects of Activated Mn₃O₄
on the Decomposition Characteristics of SO₂¹

Y.-G. Park*, S.-H. Kim*, W.-D. Kim**, and J.-C. Ko***

* Department of Environmental Engineering, Samcheok University, Samcheok,
Kangwondo 245-080, South Korea

** Department of Advanced Materials Engineering, Samcheok University, Samcheok,
Kangwondo 245-080, South Korea

*** Graduate School of Energy, Korea Polytechnic University, Shihung 429-793, South Korea

e-mail: ygpark@samcheok.ac.kr

Received March 17, 2003

Abstract—The manganese oxide Mn₃O₄ was synthesized in the reactions of MnCl₂ · 4H₂O with NaOH in
which the ratios of 2NaOH to MnCl₂ were 0.50, 0.75, 1.00, 1.25, and 1.50, respectively. It was characterized
by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In addition, the surface areas were mea-
sured by Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller (BET) methods. The manganese oxide was activated by reduction with
H₂ gas in a reactor, and the activated factor was investigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Globular-
shaped particles of Mn₃O₄ were observed in all the synthesized samples and their surface areas ranged from
13.92 to 32.33 m² /g and then from 13.60 to 24.67 m² /g after the decomposition reaction of sulfur dioxide. The
activated factors () measured were 0.012 to 0.135, and the sulfur dioxide decomposed rapidly when the Mn₃O₄
synthesized with ratios (2NaOH/MnCl₂) of 0.50 and 0.75 was applied.

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