V. V. Kuz’mina and N. V. Ushakova
Papanin Institute of Biology of Inland Waters, Russian Academy of Sciences, Borok,
Nekouzskii raion, Yaroslavl oblast, 152742 Russia
e-mail: vkuzmina@ibiw.yaroslavl.ru
Received September 12, 2006
Abstract— Separate and combined action of temperature, pH, and heavy metals (copper and zinc) upon whole
body activities of casein- and hemoglobinlytic proteinases were studied in perch (Perca fluviatilis), ruff (Gym-
nocephalus cernuus), roach (Rutilus rutilus), kilka (Clupeonella cultriventris), and common carp (Cyprinus
carpio). Also, these activities were determined in cyprinids' underyearlings (in sum) dominating the food of
typical and facultative piscivores. It was revealed that, following a decrease in temperature to 0°C and in the
presence of heavy metals (copper and zinc) at concentrations of 10 mg/l, casein- and hemoglobinlytic protein-
ase activities decreased statistically significantly in all studied fish. Both decrease and increase in pH values
lead to less pronounced changes in the enzymatic activities varied in different species. As a rule, decrease in pH
values resulted in considerable increase of the hemoglobinlytic activity, while pH increase caused inconsider-
able enzyme activation. Combined action of natural factors and, in some cases, combined action of low tem-
perature and metals, changed the caseinlytic activity to a greater extent than at their separate actions. Magnitude
of multifactor effects in most cases is lower than of bifactor effects of temperature and metals.
DOI: 10.1134/S0032945207090123
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