D. S. Pavlova, O. V. Meshcheryakovab, A. E. Veselovb,
N. N. Nemovab, and A. I. Lupandina†
a Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii pr. 33, Moscow, 119071 Russia
e-mail: pavlov@sevin.ru
b Institute of Biology, Kola Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Pushkinskaya 11, Petrozavodsk, Russia
Received July 24, 2007
Abstract—In juveniles of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar of two age groups (0+ and 1+) living in the mainstream
and in the tributary of the subarctic Varzuga River, the activity of some enzymes was determined (cytochrome
c oxidase, malate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, and 1-glycero-
phosphate dehydrogenase), reflecting the intensity of the direction of principal pathways of carbohydrate
metabolism and of synthesis of ATP. The effect of environmental conditions on growth and development of dif-
ferent age groups is different. Underyearlings (0+) living in the tributary are characterized by an advanced loco-
motor performance and growth rate. They possess a higher level of aerobic and anaerobic energy metabolism
and assimilation of carbohydrates for synthesis of structural and stock compounds in comparison with yearlings
living in the mainstream. No significant differences are found between two-summer-old fish (1+) from different
habitats in parameters of energy metabolism. This demonstrates that the living conditions for them in the trib-
utary are not so favorable as from underyearlings. The food items in the tributary are small and numerous, i.e.,
are more available for salmon underyearlings. Parrs 1+ feed on large invertebrates and feeding in the main-
stream is preferable. The differences in parameters of energy metabolism of juvenile salmon manifesting them-
selves in the first year of life make the basis for the fact that the subsequent smoltification of parrs and migration
for feeding occur at different ages—2+, 3+, or 4+. This contributes to the formation of the complex age struc-
ture of the Varzuga stock of salmon.
DOI: 10.1134/S003294520709010X
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