Catalytic Transformations of Fluids
V. V. Barelkoa, O. G. Safonovb, N. V. Bykovaa, L. A. Bykova,
V. G. Dorokhova, and M. V. Kuznetsovc*
a Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow oblast, Russia
b Institute of Experimental Mineralogy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow oblast, Russia
c All-Russia Research Institute on Problems of Civil Defense and Emergencies of the Emergency Control Ministry of Russia
(Federal Science and High Technology Center), Moscow, Russia
e-mail: barelko@icp.ac.ru; oleg@iem.ac.ru; nat_bykova@list.ru; lbik@icp.ac.ru; vicd@icp.ac.ru; maxim1968@mail.ru
Received July 23, 2015
Abstract—Fluids play a very important role in processes of the chemical and physical evolution of crustal and
mantle rocks. The influence of certain rocks on chemical reactions between fluid components is studied. Exper-
imental results of the catalytic activity of serpentinite, ophitic gabbro, and lizardite–antigorite asbestos relative
to vapor conversion of methane (CH4) have been obtained with the formation of syngas at atmospheric pressure
and temperatures up to 850
C. Such transformations are assumed to be able to take place under natural condi-
tions in fluid systems that accompany massifs of seabed ultrabasic rocks, as well as kimberlite pipes. Proceed-
ing from the studies performed, options of the practical use of various crustal rocks as catalysts of fluid trans-
formations have been proposed. The experimental results confirm the initial theses of the authors’ concept with
respect to the role of heterogeneous–catalytic mechanisms of transformations of fluids in the Earth’s crust.
Keywords: fluids, catalytic influence of crustal rocks and minerals, H2 and CH4 emission, serpentinite, lizard-
ite–antigorite asbestos, ophitic gabbro, catalytic activity, use of the results obtained in real technological pro-
cesses.
DOI: 10.1134/S1019331616020076
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