Genetics of the Population of the Regions of the Union State of Russia and the Republic of Belarus: DNA Identification of an Unknown Person’s Ancestry to a Certain Ethnicity and Region of Origin by Its Biological Trace

V. A. Stepanov^a^,*, V. N. Kharkov^a, V. A. Orekhov^b, N. A. Kolesnikov^a, K. V. Vagaitseva^a, M. D. Skalin^b, d, S. A. Kotova^c, A. S. Gracheva^d, S. A. Borinskaya^d, A. V. Kilchevsky^e, and N. K. Yankovsky^d, f

^aResearch Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, 634050 Russia

^bOOO Gordiz, Moscow, 115201 Russia

^cState Institution Republican Scientific and Practical Center Mother and Child, Minsk, 220053 Republic of Belarus

^dVavilov Institute of General Genetics, Moscow, 119991 Russia

^eInstitute of Genetics and Cytology, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, 220072 Republic of Belarus

^fMoscow State University, Moscow, 119991 Russia

*email: vadim.stepanov@medgenetics.ru

Received June 3, 2025

Abstract— The main results of the Scientific and Technical Program of the Union State “DNA Identification” and implementation of reagent kits and technologies developed under the Program to establish the ethnogeographical and population origin of an unknown individual on the basis of his DNA are presented. The developed reagent kits are designed for DNA identification and are adapted to existing national reagents and their instrumentation used in Union State forensic laboratories.

Keywords: DNA identification, DNA markers, gene pool, databases, allele frequencies, population, Y chromosome

DOI: 10.1134/S1022795425700954