Magnetic Nanocomposites Based on Metal-Organic Frameworks: Preparation, Classification, Structure, and Properties (A Review)

Abstract— The current state of research in the field of synthesis and study of structure and properties of magnetic nanocomposites based on metal-organic frameworks is considered. Magnetic nanocomposites are a combination of metal-organic frameworks with superparamagnetic nanoparticles. The methods of obtaining various magnetic nanocomposites are examined: mixing methods, in situ synthesis (in situ growing frame structures on magnetic nanoparticles and in situ growth of magnetic nanoparticles in frame structures), template methods (sacrificial template method and emulsion template method), layered self-assembly, and mechanochemical synthesis. Magnetic nanocomposites are divided into two classes: simple, which include only magnetic nanoparticles and ometal-organic frameworks, and complex, which include a third component. Magnetic nanocomposites can have a core–shell, non-nuclear, embedded, and mixed structures. The surface area, porosity, optical, magnetic and catalytic properties of magnetic nanocomposites are considered. Magnetic composites are promising as catalysts, lubricants, supercapacitors, materials for photodynamic therapy, etc.