V. M. Volgina,z, A. V. Zhukovb, G. N. Zhukovac, and A. D. Davydovd
aTula State University, pr. Lenina 92, Tula, 300600 Russia
bSNIIP-ASKUR, ul. Raspletina 5, Moscow, 123060 Russia
cMoscow State University of Printing Arts, ul. Pryanishnikova 2A, Moscow, 127550 Russia
dFrumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences,
Leninskii pr. 31, Moscow, 119991 Russia
Received June 10, 2008
Abstract—The disturbance of mechanical equilibrium of stagnant electrolyte containing three types of ions
and the onset of natural convection in the electrochemical cell with plane horizontal electrodes under the non-
steady-state conditions are studied theoretically. The Navier–Stokes equations in the Boussinesq approxima-
tion, the equations of ionic transfer of electrolyte components, which is caused by diffusion, convection, and
migration, and the electroneutrality condition were used as the mathematical model of the process. Using the
numerical simulation, the regularities of the onset of natural convection of electrolyte solution with the forma-
tion of convective cells are studied. The effect of transport properties of solution on the critical time of onset of
convection and on the time before the current starts to increase due to the onset of natural convection, on the
sizes and shape of convective cells and the mass-transfer rate is investigated by the example of cathodic depo-
sition of metal at the limiting current.
Key words: natural convection, convective instability, critical time of onset of convection, limiting current
DOI: 10.1134/S1023193509090055
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