Effects of Acetonitrile on Electrochemical Performance
of LiFePO₄/Li¹

Q. Peng, Z. Y. Zhang, L. Yang, and X. L. Wang^z

School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China

Received January 2, 2014

Abstract—It is widely accepted that lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF₆) is the best electrolyte for making
lithium ion battery because of its excellent performance. Using acetonitrile (ACN) solvent to pretreat LiPF₆ is
a green chemical process. However, ACN residue will be introduced into the electrolyte during the preparation
process. The effects of ACN on the electrochemical performance of LiFePO₄/Li are evaluated in this study. The
study results showed that the battery capacity is improved by the addition of 1 wt % ACN to the electrolyte.
Surface analyses of the battery cathodes using XPS and FTIR suggested that the cathodes be oxidized in all
electrolytes with 0, 1, and 5 wt % ACN, resulting in the formation of Li₂CO₃, LiF, and ROCO₂Li on their sur-
faces. Li(ACN)₄PF₆, which reduces the battery capacity, was especially formed on the surface of the cathode
in the electrolyte containing 5 wt % ACN.

Keywords: lithium-ion batteries, electrolyte, acetonitrile

DOI: 10.1134/S1023193515040096

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