Effect of Complexation of Cadmium Ions with N-
Methylpyrrolidone on Kinetics of Their Electroreduction in
Sulfate Electrolyte

L. M. Skibina^a,z, I. V. Dorogan^b, A. A. Bumber^b, and E. I. Burdina^a

^aSouth Federal University, ul. Zorge 7, Rostov-on-Don, 344090 Russia

^bInstitute of Physical and Organic Chemistry, South Federal University,
Stachki prospect 194, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia

Received July 21, 2011

Abstract—Calculation of coordination numbers showed that N-methylpyrrolidone (N-MP) forms stable 1:4
metal–ligand complexes in sulfate cadmium-plating electrolytes. Methods of computer simulation and quan-
tum-chemical calculations allowed establishing that thermodynamically stable Cd(II) complexes formed in the
bulk of the sulfate electrolyte contain, apart from four N-MP molecules, four water molecules that provide addi-
tional stabilization of the complex due to formation of hydrogen bonds between the ligands. Electrochemical
studies indicate the predominant participation of Cd(II) complexes in the electrode reaction. Their discharge is
preceded by their slow dissociation. Hindrance of the process of Cd²⁺ ion electroreduction from complex elec-
trolytes results in improvement of the structure and quality of cathodic cadmium deposits.

Keywords: complexation, ligand, electrodeposition, electrochemical kinetics, cadmium, computer simulation,
N-methylpyrrolidone

DOI: 10.1134/S102319351302016X

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