Electrochemically Reactive Matrices Based on Electron-Ion Conducting and Adsorption-Active Tissues

Abstract—A review of methods for the synthesis of new composite materials—electroactive and adsorption-active tissues, their electrochemical properties, and potential applications is presented. These are cellulose or asbestos fibers with porous layers linked to their surface, which consist of cyclam derivatives of PVC filled with active carbon, providing electric conductivity. The H⁺ or OH^– ion conductivity is provided by the H₂SO₄ or NaOH aqua complexes with aza-crown groups in the pore walls. The high rate of ion transport was demonstrated in air, hexane, benzene, and their vapors. When the current is passed, H₂ or O₂ is evoluted, or redox transformations of the adsorbed substances occur on the carbon particles. The dependence of the characteristics of the material on its composition and adsorption equilibrium conditions was analyzed. The mechanism of its functioning was suggested. The material was shown to be promising for use in the production of H₂ or O₂ and acid–base or redox transformations of substances adsorbed from gaseous media or nonaqueous solutions.