The Holocene Dynamics of Vegetation and the Upper Forest
Limit in the Polar Urals

V. L. Koshkarova *, L. V. Karpenko *, and L. A. Orlova **

*Sukachev Institute of Forestry, Siberian Division, Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk,
660036 Russia

**Institute of Geology, Siberian Division, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Koptyuga 3, Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk,
660090 Russia

Received May 27, 1998

Abstract—The species structure of forest vegetation and climate in the Holocene was reconstructed on the
basis of analysis of macroscopic plant remnants, botanical analysis of peat, and radiocarbon dating performed
in the Polar Ural peatland (Mount Rai-Iz). The results showed that the upper forest limit repeatedly migrated
upward for 220–400 m in the periods of warming and retreated during cold periods. Brief cold periods proved
to cause abrupt changes in the composition of tree species as more dynamic plants.

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