A. Ya. Malkin
Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii pr. 29, Moscow, 119991 Russia
e-mail: alex_malkin@mig.phys.msu.ru
Received December 17, 2007
Abstract—This review is devoted to the comprehensive description of instabilities of different types that
appear at the interface due to various physical reasons. The conditions and mechanisms of the disintegration of
jets and droplets under the action of surface forces, beginning with the classical Rayleigh disintegration and
ending with the current notions of the dependence of the critical value of Capillary Number on the ratio between
phase viscosities in single droplets and concentrated emulsions, are considered. Physical mechanisms and cri-
teria of the development of convective instabilities of different types, including the formation of the dissipative
structures of Taylor–Benard types as consequences of thermal convection and the formation of Marangoni–
Benard cells due to the nonuniformity of surface tension, as well as the instability of mass transfer through the
interface in multicomponent systems resulted in the formation of regular cellular structure are compared. The
attention was focused on the effect of the elasticity of a flowing liquid, which is inherent to polymer solutions
and melts, on the character of interaction between the liquid and the solid wall. The set of surface phenomena
observed in this case is described and relevant physical mechanisms of instability resulted in the formation of
regular structures (“periodic defects”) on the jet surface are discussed. The problem of the development of edge
instability on a free surface upon rotational flows is touched upon. An ample set of versatile phenomena that
occur at the interface in stratified flows is briefly illustrated by the Kelvin–Helmholtz, Rayleigh–Taylor, and
Richtmyer–Meshkov instabilities.
DOI: 10.1134/S1061933X0806001X
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