Surface Characteristics of Modified Polymeric Materials

V. G. Nazarov

Military Academy of Chemical Defense, Brigadirskii per. 13, Moscow, 107005 Russia

Received December 5, 1995

Abstract—The methods of varying the hydrophobicity and hydrophilicity of the surface layers of polymeric
materials by gas–phase modification were briefly considered. Effective methods for controlling the surface
energy of polymers, primarily polyolefins, by heterogeneous reactions with strong chemical reagents, such as
fluorine and sulfuric anhydride, were proposed and experimentally implemented. Accordingly, the hydropho-
bicity inherent to fluoroplastics and hydrophilicity typical of the most polar polymers were shown to be attained
by these methods. Measurements of the wettability of modified polymers by several liquids allowed calculation
of the components of the surface energy (polar and dispersive). The effect of thermal treatment and tension
strain of the modified polymers on their surface energy was demonstrated, and the possibility of the formation
of multiplet surface structures was established.

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