Carbon Materials as a Source of Vanadium

Abstract—The possibility of extracting vanadium from various carbon materials (petroleum coke, bitumen, fuel-oil ash and slag, ash from foundry graphite, black shale, and lignite) is investigated. Systems for producing vanadium slag from ash and from titanomagnetite ore are compared. The two types of slag are compared in terms of phase composition, chemical composition, and content of soluble forms of vanadium. In experimental melts, a vanadium alloy and vanadium slag are obtained. The potential for extracting vanadium from carbon materials is demonstrated.