Solitonic Disintegration of Acoustic-Gravity Waves in the Atmosphere: 1. KdV–Burgers Equation
S. P. Kshevetskiia, b, c, *, Yu. A. Kurdyaevad, **, N. M. Gavrilovc, ***, and S. N. Kulichkovb, ****
aImmanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad, 236041 Russia
bObuhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119017 Russia
cSt. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, 199034 Russia
dKaliningrad Branch, Pushkov Institute of Terrestrial Magnetism, Ionosphere, and Radio Wave Propagation, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kaliningrad, 236035 Russia
*email: spkshev@gmail.com
**email: yakurdyaeva@gmail.com
***email: n.gavrilov@spbu.ru
****email: snik1953@gmail.com
Received February 24, 2025
Abstract— The process of propagation and disintegration of long low-frequency nonlinear acoustic-gravity waves into the upper atmosphere is investigated. One spectral wave mode is considered, for which an approximate nonlinear Korteweg-de Vries–Burgers equation is derived using the formulated version of the variational principle for a fluid layer. The coefficients of the derived equation depend on the height. The issue of wave destruction into smaller-scale solitary waves is investigated in the study. The conditions for wave destruction are written out and formulas for estimating the scales of secondary soliton waves formed during the disintegration of the primary wave are written out. It is shown that wave destruction can occur only in certain layers determined by the vertical structure of the wave.
Keywords:
hydrodynamic equations,
solitons,
acoustic-gravity waves,
upper atmosphere
DOI: 10.1134/S1063771025600950